Query methods and operators¶

Query builders¶

Method	Manager	QuerySet	Result
`filter(**kwargs)`	✓	—	Cloned modeled filter chain.
`raw(*values)`	✓	—	Cloned trusted raw filter chain.
`query(*values)`	—	✓	Cloned expression/raw filter chain.
`sort(key, direction)`	✓	✓	Cloned ordered chain.
`skip(count)`, `limit(count)`	✓	✓	Cloned pagination state.
`only(fields)`, `defer(fields)`	✓	✓	Cloned projection state.
`using(database_name)`	✓	—	Cloned alternate-database manager.
`using_session(session)`	✓	✓	Cloned session-bound query.

Evaluation and writes¶

Method	Result/contract
await Manager / `all()`	Materialized document list.
async iteration	Streaming documents with cursor cleanup.
`none()`	Async isolated empty query state.
`get()`	Exactly one or a public cardinality exception.
`get_or_none()`	Zero/one; multiple still raises.
`first()`, `last()`	One or `None`.
`count()`, `exists()`	Scalar.
`distinct_values(key)`	Materialized distinct value list.
`values()`, `values_list()`	Materialized projection shapes.
`create()`, `create_many()`, `bulk_create()`	Insert modeled documents.
`update()`, `update_many()`, `bulk_update()`	Atomic modeled patch and hydrated list.
`delete()`	Deleted count.
`get_or_create(defaults=...)`	Existing or atomically created document.
`where(condition)`	Legacy materialized `$where` result.

Operators¶

Family	Keyword/operator names
Equality	`exact`, `neq`
Membership	`in`, `not_in`
Comparison	`gt`, `gte`, `lt`, `lte`, `date`
Literal strings	`contains`, `icontains`, `startswith`, `istartswith`, `endswith`, `iendswith`
Raw pattern	`pattern` / `Q.pattern()`
Logical composition	`Q.and_`, `Q.or_`, `Q.nor_`, `Q.not_`
Ordering	`asc`, `desc`, `Q.asc`, `Q.desc`
Existence	`Q.exists`
Legacy JavaScript	`where` / `.where()`

Unknown keyword lookup operators raise OperatorInvalid. Membership operators require a list or tuple. Raw patterns, dictionaries, and $where are trusted-only interfaces; see Operators and raw queries.